 |
| Lage des Kara-Kitai-Reiches um 1200 |
Bu bilgi heryerde yok!
Plutarhos, yaklaşık 2100 yıl önce, Romalı komutan Sertorius tarafından yerlerinden edilen, İspanya’nın Katalonya bölgesinde yaşamış olan Karakitan < Characitani (Χαρακιτανοί) adlı bir halktan bahseder: Adı bana tanıdık geldi!
Kara Kitai
Die Kara-Kitai oder Kara-Chitai (DMG Qara-Ḫitai, deutsch „schwarze Kitai“) oder Westliche Liao-Dynastie (chinesisch 西遼, Pinyin Xī Liáo) waren eine Dynastie, die ein Großreich in Zentralasien – vom Süden des heutigen Kasachstans bis zum heutige Xinjiang – gründete und die Epoche von 1128 bis 1218 entscheidend mitgestaltete, bis ihr Reich von Dschingis Khan erobert wurde.
Qara Khitai
Great Liao 大遼 | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1124–1218 | |||||||||||||||||||
 Qara Khitai c. 1160 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Status | Sinicized Khitan empire in Central Asia | ||||||||||||||||||
| Capital | Balasagun | ||||||||||||||||||
| Common languages |
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Religion | |||||||||||||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Kara Khitan | ||||||||||||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||||||||||||
| Emperor | |||||||||||||||||||
• 1124–1143 | Emperor Dezong | ||||||||||||||||||
• 1144–1150 | Empress Gantian (regent) | ||||||||||||||||||
• 1150–1164 | Emperor Renzong | ||||||||||||||||||
• 1164–1178 | Empress Dowager Chengtian(regent) | ||||||||||||||||||
• 1178–1211 | Yelü Zhilugu | ||||||||||||||||||
• 1211–1218 | Kuchlug | ||||||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Middle Ages | ||||||||||||||||||
• Fall of Liao dynasty | 1125 | ||||||||||||||||||
• Yelü Dashiproclaims himself king | 1124 | ||||||||||||||||||
• Yelü Dashi adopts the title of Gurkhan | 1132 | ||||||||||||||||||
• Yelü Dashi captures Balasagun and establishes capital | 1134 | ||||||||||||||||||
• Kuchlug usurps power | 1211 | ||||||||||||||||||
• Kuchlug executed by Mongols | 1218 | ||||||||||||||||||
• All former territories fully absorbed into Mongol Empire | 1220 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1130 est.[4] | 1,000,000 km2 (390,000 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1210 est.[5] | 1,500,000 km2 (580,000 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | cash coins | ||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ANCIENT | |||
| Neolithic c. 8500 – c. 2070 BCE | |||
| Xia c. 2070 – c. 1600 BCE | |||
| Shang c. 1600 – c. 1046 BCE | |||
| Zhou c. 1046 – 256 BCE | |||
| Western Zhou | |||
| Eastern Zhou | |||
| Spring and Autumn | |||
| Warring States | |||
| IMPERIAL | |||
| Qin 221–207 BCE | |||
| Han 202 BCE – 220 CE | |||
| Western Han | |||
| Xin | |||
| Eastern Han | |||
| Three Kingdoms 220–280 | |||
| Wei, Shu and Wu | |||
| Jin 266–420 | |||
| Western Jin | |||
| Eastern Jin | Sixteen Kingdoms | ||
| Northern and Southern dynasties 420–589 | |||
| Sui 581–618 | |||
| Tang 618–907 | |||
| Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 907–979 | Liao 916–1125 Western Xia 1038–1227 Jin 1115–1234 | ||
| Song 960–1279 | |||
| Northern Song | |||
| Southern Song | |||
| Yuan 1271–1368 | |||
| Ming 1368–1644 | |||
| Qing 1636–1912 | |||
| MODERN | |||
| Republic of China on the mainland 1912–1949 | |||
| People's Republic of China 1949–present | |||
| Republic of China in Taiwan 1949–present | |||
show Related articles | |||
The Qara Khitai or Kara Khitai (Chinese: 喀喇契丹; pinyin: Kālā Qìdān; Mongolian: Хар Хятан; literally "Black Khitan") empire (1124[note 1]–1218),[6] also known as the Western Liao (traditional Chinese: 西遼; simplified Chinese: 西辽; pinyin: Xī Liáo) dynasty, officially the Great Liao (大遼; 大辽; Dà Liáo),[7][8] was a sinicized[9][10][11]dynastic empire in Central Asia ruled by the Khitan Yelü clan, and a successor state to the Liao dynasty. The dynasty was founded by Yelü Dashi (Emperor Dezong of Liao), who led the remnants of the Liao dynasty from Manchuria to Central Asia after fleeing from the Jin dynasty conquest of their homeland in northern China. The empire was usurped by the Naimans under Kuchlug in 1211; traditional Chinese, Persian, and Arab sources consider the usurpation to be the end of the dynasty,[12] even though the empire would not fall until the Mongol conquest in 1218. The Qara Khitai is considered by historians to be a legitimate dynasty of China, as is the case for the preceding Liao dynasty.[13][14]
The territories of the Qara Khitai corresponded to parts of modern-day China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. The Anushtegin dynasty, the Karluks, Qocho, the Kankalis, and the Kara-Khanid Khanate were vassal states of the Qara Khitai at some point in history.
*
It is a nice Turkic word "kara" meaning simply BLACK.
A big geographical and time gap and such a similarity.
Interesting!
Uzunbacak Adem
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