Friday, January 31, 2025

Turkishness-of-the-Royal-Scythians

 

Scythian archer with a reflex-bow and bashlyk that were also used by Türks

*

Herodotus mentins 2500 years ago the people called βασιλήϊοι Σκύθαι (Royal Scythians). 

We can read βασιλήϊοι like basilii and it should have meant royal.

The "basil" words in Greek are non-Greek words and there is still no convincing etymology for that.

Why?

I tell you why! Because all scholars are ignoring the Türks and their language. All Western scholars "think" that Scythians were Iranian people without a real reason... They quote each other and present it as the only truth...

Now I have an other proposal: 

Look at Old Türkic word: başlığ (modern Türkish başlı) meaning literally they who have a head. Başlığ could have meant easily "they with a head (chieftain)"or they who held their head high/proud. All these Türkic words are compatible with βασιλήϊοι in form and in sound. 

Direct and short comparison: basilii = başlığ

*

That means βασιλήϊοι Σκύθαι = Başlığ Iskitler = Scythian who had a king! 

Presumably the leading tribe among the Türkic (and of course of other nations) steppe confederation whose elite was surely Türkic.

*

Uzunbacak Adem

Ancient-toponymy-Baruk-Baruka-Baruklia-versus-Turkic-Bark-Barik-Barikli


*Paulys RE*

 

*

***Baruk, Baruka, Baruklia***

*

Pauly mentions in his encyclopedia three town names.

Baruk, Baruka and Baruklia.

Two of them were in Ancient Albania (Caucasia) and the third one in Ancient Phrygia/Anatolia. 

*

Old Türkic words bark/barık meant house; emperor's palace; mausoleum or temple with altar. All are closed places and all are a good choice for a town name.

Baruklia is a 100 % compatible with the Türkic word Barıklı, meaning a place with a temple/chieftains house and it could be easily a capital. (Barıklı = lit. "with a barık").

They were maybe places with temple with altar (for the local deity) or maybe the house/palace of the chieftain. All three are conceivable for a place of residence. 

These three have probably the Old Türkic verb bar- (to go) at their roots. 

*

These three are again an indicator for Türk existence in those regions of the earth in ancient times.


Uzunbacak Adem




Saturday, January 25, 2025

Bagodaras-a-Persian-hero-of-Türk-origin

 

Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft
*


*

English translation: 

Bagodaras (Βαγωδάρας), according to Diod. XVII 83, 7, belonged to the environment of Bessus; this is evidently the same personality as Curt. VII 4, 8ff., who calls him Cobares (Gobares?). Dindorf, on the basis of Wesseling's suggestion, inserted the form Gobares in Diodorus' text.

*

He was a commander, probably a member of general staff of Bessos, Satrap of Bactria, (who) is mentioned in the Battle of Gaugamela as commander of the Bactrian, Sogdian and Indian contingents in Darius' army (Arrian. III 8, 3; cf. also Curt. IV 6, 2. 12, 6)

(Uzunbacak Adem: Dareios III lived in the 4th C BC.)

*

Bagadoras was most probably a Türk whose name/title means "the hero". He was, like many commanders in Persian history, of Türk origin. Many Türk commanders used this title/nickname like:

  • Modu Chanyu, the founding chanyu of the Xiongnu empire.[8]
  • Tonyukuk, military commander of Second Turkic Khaganate.
  • Bagatur Bagaina Sevar, 6th century commander in First Bulgarian Empire
  • Alogobotur, 10th century commander in the First Bulgarian Empire


  • It shows us the existence of the Türks in that region of the world in those times (4th Century Before Christ). 
  • *

    Dareios III himself was probably a Türk (at least partly). I have shown the origin of the name of his mother and the tribe she belonged to, under the link below:

    https://uzunbacakadem.blogspot.com/2023/09/uxii-tribe-sisygambis-darius-kodomannus.html

    *


    Uzunbacak Adem


    Paulys-Baiana-Turkic-BayAna

     

    Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft



    *

    *

    English translation: 

    In an inscribed decree of the Decurions of Cumae (CIL X 3698) from 289 AD, the election of a priest matris deae Baianae is mentioned; in the confirmation of this election by the Roman Quindecimviri sacris faciundis, recorded on the same stone, the same deity is referred to simply as Mater deum. The name is probably explained by the fact that in Baiae the mother of the gods was united with a mater Baiana, who was worshipped as a city goddess (cf. the Reatinus pater CIL IX 4676, pater Pyrgensis XI 3107, see also Albsis pater); the M(ater) d(eum) m(agna) Port(us) Aug(usti) et Traiani felicis CIL XIV 408. 429 is also named after the place of her worship

    *

    Shortly, there was a goddess, a Mater Deum (the mother of the gods). In 289 AD her name was mentioned in Cumea, first ancient Greek colony of Magna Graecia on the mainland of Italy.

    *

    Baiana sounds exactly like Bay Ana, a Türkic deity. Bayana is the goddess of existence in Turkish and Altai mythologies. And there is an other goddess called Bai Baianai (Old Türkic: 𐰉𐰀𐰖 𐰉𐰀𐰖𐰀𐰣𐰀𐰖) is the Yakut spirit of forests, animals and patron of hunters. Hunters light fires and pray that their work will pass fertile and without accidents. In some cultures, she protects children. She is considered a protector of the lineage.

    I think this is very clear that these three deities should be related to each other.

    *

    Uzunbacak Adem

    Friday, January 24, 2025

    Herodotus-Troglodytae-versus-Turkic-Turuglu

     

    Pic: wikipedia 


    *

    Troglodytae 

    Herodotus mentions this people for the first time. This word/name should mean cave-goers.

    Wiktionary tells about its etymology "...from τρώγλη (trṓglēhole) +‎ δύω (dúōI get into)."

    If we look at the Greek word τρώγλη, we see that this word comes from τρώγω (trṓgōI bite, I eat) (through the concept of an animal chewing a hole).




    *

    What a fantastic imagination. (By the way according to Beekes 

    τρώγω is a Pre-Greek word, that means a Non-Greek word).

    **

    I have a better proposal:

    Türkic turug meaning simply Shelter in the mountains, shelter, a sheltered place in the mountains. Kaşgarlı Mahmut mentions this word in his dictionary, Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk (one of the first dictionaries in the world, even the first one?).

    Old Türkic suffix +lV makes a noun from a noun with a possessive meaning.

    > Turug+lu means the people who have a shelter in a mountain.

    For the second part of the word -δύωI have no proposal, I let it be Greek. 

    *

    If I think further I can propose that this African people took their name from the Türks around and the Greeks took this name from the Türks and changed it a little. 

    That could mean that the Türks existed in that part of the world in those times (Africa - 5th C BC).

    *

    Uzunbacak Adem


    Links: 

    https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B4%CF%8D%CF%89#Ancient_Greek

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troglodytae

    https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troglodyten

    https://dergiler.akademikyorum.com/Makaleler/760834239_4-%20Nadira%20(83-%2099).pdf

    https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/turug

    Sunday, January 19, 2025

    Turkish-proposals-to-the-names-in-Paulys-Realencyclopedia-Letter-A



    Pauly's Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft

    Letter A

    Findings in December 2025

    *

    I have looked through Türkish window at the names that I have read in the Pauly's Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft

    *

    Uzunbacak Adem

    Pauly Word

    Info

    Türkic Word

    Info

    Extra Info

    Achaius

    Border-river bw. 

    akığ

    current, flow


    Achamas

    river on Crete

    ak-: 

    to flow


    Achanoi

    a people in Scythia

    akın

    flood; sudden attacking soldiers; war


    Achardeos

    River in Sarmatia

    akar

    river


    Acharnai

    Attic people

    akar

    river


    Achelites/Achelis

    river in Smyrna

    ak-: 

    to flow


    Acheloos

    the element of flowing water in general, various rivers

    akığlığ

    flowing, current, fluid


    Acheron

    Name of Greek rivers, like Acheloos (above)

    akar

    river


    Achindanas

    river on the Carmanian coast, today Gin-âô

    akın

    flood  


    Achlada

    Pasture district ('pear trees') in the area of ​​Alopekai near Miletos in Ionia

    kertme

    wild pear

    related to acherdos (wild pear)

    Acidava (2x)

    a town (on a river)

    ak-: to flow

    oba: dwelling place

    -d-: a consonant between 2 vocals

    Acionna

    Gallic deity (spring goddess?)

    ak-: to flow

    ana: mother


    Adanou Dio/Ἀδάνου δύο

    two islands in the Arabian Gulf (Ptol. VI 7, 44), probably identical with the Djebel el-Suqûr Geierberg and the Harnischinsel, whereas the insula Adanu (Var. Sadanum, Plin. VI 175), which is mentioned next to Malichu (as in Ptol.), must be put together with Perim near Aden

    ada

    island

    -n: Plural suffix

    Adapera

    City in Galatia, west of Tavium, identical with Lassora

    ada: island

    ara: a place between

    -p- consonant between 2 vocals

    Adris

    tributary of the Akesines in the Indian Panǧâb

    adır-

    to seperate


    Aduros

    old name of the river Kaikos in Mysia

    adır-

    to seperate


    Aeadava

    Castle in Mediterranean Dacia

    aya: palm of hand

    oba: dwelling place

    -d-: a consonant between 2 vocals

    Aedico (Edekon)

    Father of Odoacer (who destroyed Roman Emprire)

    ?ayat-: to be respected

    >ayatık: respected

    wiki: Omeljan Pritsak derived it from Old Turkic verbal root *edär- (to pursue, to follow), and deverbal noun suffix κων (kun < r-k < r-g < *gun).[2] The reconstructed form is *edäkün (< *edär-kün; "follower, retainer“). His father’S name Odoacer could be derived from Türkish, too.

    Aella

    the fastest Amazon

    yel

    wind


    Aello

    Harpy, 'Stormwind' daughter of Thaumas and the Oceanid Elektra

    yel

    wind


    Aelmanius

    a god? on an inscription found near Madrid

    Yelme: It means a vanguard unit, a reconnaissance unit. Proto-Turkish *yēl- Riding a horse, galloping on a horse.

    The second is yalman (yelmen), which means the cutting part of the sword. (<Yal-: to shine?)

    There is also the Kipchak word 'yalman', which means 'groundhog' and whose old form is 'yamlan'.

    Agakles

    He is only mentioned in Homer's Iliad as the father of the Trojan warrior Epeigeus.

    aga/aqa

    father


    Agalma

    jewelry, votive gift, sacred work of art

    kalın, kalıng

    dowry, presents for the bride

    *kalım: random for tne bride

    Agaroi

    a Scythian or Sarmatian people on the west side of the Maeotis in the region of Ἀγαρία, who had the reputation of using snake venom as a remedy for wounds. App. b. Mithr. 88.

    ağu/ağa

    poison


    Agoritai

    People on the northern slope of the Caucasus, near the river Vardanes (Qubân)

    ağır: heavy

    tai: mountain

    Like Ağrı Dağı

    Agyris

    Cypriot city king, executed by Euagoras in 391 BC

    ağır

    worthy, heavy

    could be an adjective pr a name of a person

    Aias

    name of many characters

    ayaz

    a slave with a bright/white face

    DLT

    Aidepsos

    City on Euboea, famous for its warm sulphur springs, dedicated to Heracles

    ay: moon

    su: water


    Aidos

    Personification of modesty with cult on the Acropolis in Athens

    uyat

    testicle

    uyat-: to be ashamed

    Aigobares

    noble Persian in the cavalry of Alexander the Great

    ay: moon

    kobar-: to raise 

    Persian? The name is very Türkish > Ayyücelten?he who raises the moon

    Aikalos

    epithet of Zeus.

    ay: moon

    kal: old man


    Aiolos

    Windgod

    ay: moon (clear sky, frost)

    ool: son


    Aisaros

    river near Kroton in Bruttia, now Esaro

    ay: moon

    sarı: yellow, white


    Atole; Aitolia; Aitolos

    Epiklesis of Artemis in Naupaktos and among the Veneti; Landscape in western Greece; Eponymus of the Aetolians

    ay: moon

    tolı/tolu: full

    aytolu/aytolı: full moon (a criteria in Türkic word to define a beautiful face).

    Aitondas

    Boiotarch  (Avery high officer in Boiotia) ca. 175 v. Chr. in thebanischen Inschriften.

    ay: moon

    ton-: to freeze

    ton: clothes

    Aitymandroi

    people in Aria on the lower reaches of the Etymander (Afghanistan)

    ay: moon

    tuman: fog, smog, fog, mist


    Aiza

    A Pisidian location

    ayaz

    clear sky; frost

    frosty

    Akalissos

    a town (on a river) Limyros

    ak-: to flow

    su: water

    akalı: sth like,  that that has sth to flow, or that that can flow

    Akarassos

    a town (on a river)

    akarsu

    river (lit. flowing water)

    akarassos ist almost the same word like akarsu.

    Akas

    a king

    aka

    elder brother; elder uncle; father; grandfather 2 respectful address 3 elder


    Akes

    legendary river in Chorâsân, closed from the high mountains with locks

    ak-: to flow

    >akığ: flowing water, current, act of flowing


    Akesines

    name of 2 rivers

    ak-: to flow



    Akesinos

    name of a river in Scythia

    ak-: to flow



    Akessaia

    allegedly older name of Ecbatana

    ak-: to flow

    say:1 area covered with stones, stony desert, stony riverbed 2 shallow place, shallow


    Akidalia

    Spring near Orchomenos in Boeotia, where Aphrodite bathed with the Charite

    ak-: to flow

    dal: 1 branch 2 tree 3 willow


    Akidas

    tributary of the Anigros in Triphylia

    akığ

    >akığ: flowing water, current, act of flowing


    Akikaros

    Babylonian wisaman

    ak: white

    kar-: to get older, older man > karı: a person to respect, wiseman


    Akimis

    Cretan river or field name in the area of ​​Latos

    ak-: to flow

    >akığ: flowing water, current, act of flowing


    Akinakes

    a short sword

    ak-: to flow

    akın: to raid ,to attack


    Akinakai

    Volk im südlichsten, an Aria grenzenden Teile von Baktriana

    akın: to raid ,to attack

    aka: elder brother; elder uncle; father; grandfather 2 respectful address 3 elder


    Akinasis

    River on the Colchian coast north of Akampsis

    akın

    flood  


    Akiris

    River in Lucania, flowing a little north of Heraclea, now Agri

    ak-: to flow

    >akığ: flowing water, current, act of flowing


    Akis

    river of Sicily, originating at the foot of Mount Etna

    ak-: to flow



    Akithios

    small river on the west coast of Sicily near Lilybaeum

    ak-: to flow



    Akoraba

    Place and landscape in Coelesyria on the Apamea – Palmyra road

    oba: dwelling place



    Akrasos

    city ​​in Lydia on the upper reaches of the Caicos

    ak-: to flow

    su: water


    Akritas 1

    southernmost mountain range of Messinia between the cities of Methone and Asine

    taw/tau

    mountain


    Akritas 2

    foothills of Bithynia, on the Propontis southeast of Chalcedon

    taw/tau

    mountain


    Akrolissos

    Acropolis of the Illyrian city of Lissos, now Lêš, Italian: Alessio

    su

    water


    Akron

    Akron, Mycale Plateau

    kır

    1 isolated mountain 2 mountain top, mountain ridge 3 steppe, desert, level ground 4 edge


    Aktai

    personification of the shores

    ak: white or ak-: to flow

    tai: mountain


    Aktaia

    old name of Attica

    ak: white or ak-: to flow

    tai: mountain


    Akyaieis

    Attic demos, known from ephebe inscriptions of Roman times

    ak: white

    yağı: enemy, war, yağız: brown

    having white brown horses?

    Alana ori

    a mountain north of Caspian Sea

    alan: open place, plain

    or: a (higher) place, throne

    I have already written a blog about that

    Alathar

    of Scythian descent, fought as Magister militum of Thrace

    Al: red, reddish

    at: horse

    There is a Türkis tribe called Alayuntlu and Chinese sources called them Alan, that means they who have reddish horses. There are town names in Buchara Alat and a well with this name. https://bilig.yesevi.edu.tr/yonetim/icerik/makaleler/3475-published.pdf. > Alat-er: the soldier from that tribe

    Alavicus, Alawic, Allobichus, Allabicos, Alabikos

    Roman officer of Germanic origin

    Ala/yala: something shiny, colorful; alav: flame

    OT yalanguk: person, jalabač: prophet, messenger

    Modern Türkish yalabık would a 100 % compatible, This name could have a Türkic origin (Old Turkic YALAGU, etc)

    Alavivus

    Leader of a part of the Goths who crossed the Danube under Valens

    yalav, alav: flame

    Old version: yalavu, yalagu, etc.


    Alazeir

    King of Barka 6th century BC, father-in-law of Arcesilaus III.

    ala: colorful, yala: to shine, > alaz: flame

    er: soldier


    Alazia

    lost city of the Alazones

    yalaz/alaz

    flame







    Alazygos

    Sohn des Hlirrothios, Bruder des Seros

    alacık

    a kind tent or a small hut made of brushwood


    There are many ALBA toponyms/hydronyms etc

    all could be ALAV/ALAW meaning shiny, colorful, etc…




    Alkaios

    many of them.For example the original name of Herakles, oder the son of Herakels

    PT OT alkı > alka-: 1 to bless, praise 2 blessing, praise 3 curse

    >alkıš: praise, blessing

    Alka-i-os

    Alke 

    daughter of Olympus and Cybele

    alkı

    to applaud, to praise, to bless


    Alke 

    dog of Aktaion

    alkı

    to applaud, to praise, to bless

    aktay: a probable name of Türkic origin, ak: white, tay: mountain

    Alke

    An Amazon

    alkı

    to applaud, to praise, to bless

    Alka: a personal name in Old Türkic

    Alkeis

    Daughter of Antaios, Peisander of Kameiros, also Barke

    alkış

    praise, blessing


    Alkinoe

    name of many female characters

    alkın

    to perish, to end, to become extinct

    Kyrgyz alkın: to be out of breath, to be excited

    Alkis

    name of many characters

    alkış

    praise, blessing

    nickname of Athena in Pella

    Alko

    daughter of Elektryon and Mideia

    alkı

    to applaud, to praise, to bless


    Alkon

    name of many male characters

    alkın

    to perish, to end, to become extinct


    Allan 

    a place in Mesopotamia

    alan

    open place, plain


    Alossos

    place near Lagina in Caria

    su

    water

    a town by the water (lake sea river)

    Alpes

    name of many places in Europe

    alp

    difficult, dangerous


    Alpis

    alleged eponym of the Alps

    alpı

    many place names

    alp: a hero

    Aluccius

    According to Livius XXVI 50, this was the name of the Celtiberian chieftain to whom P. Scipio returned his captured bride untouched; in Frontin. str. II 11, 5 Allucius, in Dio fr. 57, 43 Ἀλλουκίῷ; Indibilis in Val. Max. IV 3, 1.

    alık

    wild, evil

    absent-minded

    Ἀλούστου φρούριον, Aloustou Frourion

    Castle on the southern Tauride coast, restored by Justinian

    alış-

    It evolved from the verb “to take together, to give and take”. This verb is derived from the Old Turkish verb al- “to take, to acquire” with the Old Turkish suffix +Iş-.

    Today Alushta (Ukrainian and Russian: Алушта; Crimean TatarAluştaGreek: Ἄλουστον)

    Alybas

    Ὁ ἐν Τεμέσῃ (in Lower Italy) ἥρως (Suid. s. Εὔθυμος), while he is otherwise always referred to as the heroic companion of Odysseus, Πολίτης (Od. X 224); an evil demon who strangled people and every year demanded the most beautiful maiden as a sacrifice of atonement until the Locrian Euthymus defeated him (see above). He is identical with Ἀλίβας (see above), i.e. a Hades hero of the Pylian Caucones who settled in Lower Italy. See Rohde Psyche 180f.

    albasti

    Al Basty (TurkishAlbastıUzbek: Alvasti; TatarKyrgyzKazakhАлбастыChuvashАлпастăAzerbaijaniAlbasdıRussianАлбасты́) or Al Kardai is an ancient female spirit, the personification of guilt, found in folklore throughout the Caucasusmountains, with origins going as far back as Sumerianmythology.[1] 


    Alyssos

    anger-quenching spring at Kynaitha in Arcadia. Paus. VIII 19, 3.

    su

    water

    al: cheat, deception

    Amaia

    Amaia (Ἀμαία), Name der Demeter in Troizen, wo Kore Ἀζησία hiess und das Sprichwort galt: ἡ Ἀ. τὴν Ἀζησίαν μετῆλθεν, Didym. b. Zenob. IV 20. Plut. prov. 41. Apostol. II 54. Said. s. Ἀμαία und Ἀζησία. Miller Mélanges 372. Erklärt wird A. als ‚Schnitterin‘ (v. ἀμάω, Spanheim zu Kallim. in Cer. 137. Preller Dem. u. Perseph. 325. Welcker Gr. Götterl. II 469 u. a.) oder als ‚Mutter‘ (Lobeck Aglaoph. 822, der Ἀμμαία schreibt und Ἀμμάς vergleicht).

    ana/aba/apa

    mother


    Amarakos

    (Ἀμάρακος). 1) A royal boy, son of Cinyras of Cyprus, who as an unguentarius once slipped and spilled several ointments, the resulting mixture of which was henceforth called 'amarakine' ointment; he himself was transformed into the fragrant plant Sampsuchos, which was also called A.:

    amır-: 

    to be calm; to love

    see Amarakos 2 by Pauly: spice plant, a type of marjoram

    Amisos

    a town by the sea (Samsun)

    su

    water


    Amnisus

    Amnisos, also Amnissos and Amnisus (Greek: Ἀμνισός or Ἀμνισσός; Linear B𐀀𐀖𐀛𐀰 A-mi-ni-so),[1]is the current but unattested name given to a Bronze Age settlement on the north shore of Crete that was used as a port to the palace city of Knossos. It appears in Greek literature and mythology from the earliest times, but its origin is far earlier, in prehistory. The historic settlement belonged to a civilization now called Minoan.

    su

    water


    Amoraios

    King of the Derbikers, an eastern Iranian people, fights against Cyrus

    amır-: to be calm; to love

    ay: moon

    Amıray: quiet moon

    Amorges

    3 Amorges: 1 Saka King, 2 Persian Commander, 3 Son f Persian Satrape

    Amırgı

    hunter


    Amyke

    mythical queen of Cyprus.

    Amık

    Son of en-Nasir Muhammed, a Mameluk King

    the quiet one, lovely one?

    AMYKOS

    There are many Amykos (male name)

    Amık



    Amyros

    There are many AMYROS (3 of 4 are related to rivers)

    Amır

    mist, fog, frost, rime, hoarfrost

    sis, kırağı; AND AMUR a very big and known River in ASIA

    Anabainon

    Allegedly former name of Maiandros

    ana: mother (modern use: the main)

    bay: rich


    Anabatis

    or apabatis, a horse-rider, knight

    if apabatis more correct, we can assume apa < yabı: horse

    bat-: to go down, see Info > 

    the rider; brachylogical: hippian agon, in which the riders jumped from the horses and ran alongside, holding the animal by the reins, similar to the κάλπη (see above); however, in this case mares were used, whereas in the agon of the [2015] ἀναβάται stallions were used. Cf. Krause Gymnastics and Agonistics I 571. The only information about the ἀναβάται is given by Pausanias V 9, 2, where ἀ. cannot be changed to ἀποβάται (see above); in contrast, in Dionys. Hal. A. R. VII 73 Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ καλοῦσι ἀναβάτας) undoubtedly erroneous ἀ. instead of ἀποβάτας, the error may have been committed by the author or a copyist.

    Apobatis/Ἀποβάτης

    the jumper. In particular, this is the name given to those agonists who, as παραβάται (s.d.) of a war chariot, had to jump from the chariot in the middle of the journey and run a distance on foot in a race; cf. Dion. Halic. A. R. VII 73 (from the Roman Apobatenagon, which is said to have been modeled on the Greek one in every detail): ὅταν γὰρ τέλος αἱ τῶν ἵππων ἅμιλλαι λάβωνται, ἀποπηδῶντες ἀπὸ τῶν ἁρμάτων οἱ παροχούμενοι τοῖς ἡνιόχοις, οὓς οἱ ποιηταί μὲν παραβάτας, Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ καλοῦσιν ἀποβάτας, τὸν σταδιαῖον ἁμιλλῶντας δρόμον αὐτοὶ πρὸς ἀλλήλους.

    bat-: 

    go down

    apa < yabı: horse

    Ἀναβαθμοί/anabathamoi

    the stairs

    bas-: to press (~to step)



    Anaia

    an Amazone

    ana

    mother


    Anariakai

    a people on the southern shore of the Caspian Sea between the Kadusioi and Amardoi

    angar: that, there, angaru: towards it, against it, 

    yaka: edge > Angaryaka: that edge (shore)

    Like Karşıyaka in Izmir meaning „the other side“, „the other shore“

    >Kadusoi

    above an other tribe adjacent to Anariakai

    kadış

    a belt with rings and metal (German Gürtel)

    Kadış Mergen is a male character in a Tatar Türk legend; if we think twice, kadış and yaka are two dress-parts. yaka means collar, too.

    >Amardoi

    other tribe adjacent to Anariakai

    amar-/amır-: to be calm; to love



    Anartopraktoi (Anartes)

    Caesar mentions b. G. VI 25 as an independent nation on the border of the Dacians and Germanic tribes

    anar: there, that 

    toprak: soil, earth

    A very Türkish toponym, both words are obv. Türkish 

    Anisus

    also Anisa, Anasus and similar, is the name of the tributary of the Danube, the Enns in Austria, in later documents

    ana: mother (modern use: the main)

    su: water


    Andecavi

    a „Celtic“ tribe, The Andecavi (also Andicavi, Andegavi, or Andigavi) were a Gallic tribe dwelling in Aremorica during the Roman period.wiki: They are mentioned as Andecavi (var. andic-, andeg-, andig-) by Pliny (1st c. AD),[1] Andecaviand Andecavos by Tacitus (early 2nd c. AD),[2] A̓ndíkauoi(Ἀνδίκαυοι; var. Ὀνδικαοῦαι, Ὠνδικαοῦαι) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD),[3] and as Andicavos (var. andegauusandecauosandigabosandigabusandicabos) by Orosius (early 5th c. AD).[4][5]

    The etymology of the ethnonymAndecavī remains uncertain. 

    andık-

    to swear, to take an oath


    Angiskiri

    a tribe under Dengizik (Son of Attila)

    aŋız (angız): stalks left in the field after harvesting the crop

    kır: mountain or the color gray

    stalk-beige? the color of their horses?

    Angitia

    a goddess amont the Marsi (an ancient Italic people)

    angıt-:

    to bow, to surrender, to show respect,

    angıt: a kind of duck

    Animus

    human soul

    an

    understanding


    Ankara

    a city in Italis

    Ankara/Angara

    a river in Asia


    Anochos

    a person, jogger

    anık

    ready, present

    His father’s name Adamatas: ata: father, Atamata? father of the fathers

    Antacati

    Saka tribe

    antakı

    there, located there, mentioned there

    antakı-ata? fathers there (far away?)

    Antachara

    according to Ptol. VII 1, 64 a town east of the Indus and the Sind desert, in the region of the Chatriaioi (Kšatriya) or in present-day Marwar on the river Lavanî.

    antakı

    there, located there, mentioned there

    ara: space in between 

    Antes

    a Scythian people

    ant

    oath


    Aoos (3x dealing with river)

    1. main drainage artery of Nordepeiros, 2. river in Cilicia, 3. River on Cyprus

    ağız

    mouth; mouth if a river, of a cleft


    Apaisos

    a city in Troas

    su

    water

    apa: old, father, respectable

    Apama 6x

    always a female name

    apa: mother, older sister, aunt

    -m: possessive suffix 1. person singular


    Apappus

    Egyptian King

    appa appa

    father’s father?


    Aparnoi, Apartaei, Aparytai

    2 of 3 are a tribe, 1. of them is amale name

    Apar

    Awar in Old Turkish 

    𐰯𐰺 Türk Script

    Apatenor

    epithet of Zeus or Dionysos

    appa: father

    apat/apıt: plural of appa

    see şadapıt a Türkic title meaning probably the men belong to şad; Old Türkic verb apıt- means to protect

    Appaitai

    previously called Κερκῖται, a people on Skydises above Trapezus, Strabo XII 548.

    apa: mother, older sister, aunt, in some Türkish dialects apay; (tai: mountain)

    kerki: razor, adze, mattock, -t: plural suffix

    the previous and the newer names are both Türkish

    Apsus 2x

    a river in Epirus nova and a river in Middle Albania (Muzaka)

    ap: to spring

    su: water


    Aqua

    water, water spring

    ak-: to flow



    Ara, Arae

    name of many places (partly a “station“) 

    ara

    a place in between; on one’s way, under way


    Araxes

    name of many rivers (Caucasia, Iran, etc)

    arık

    river


    Arbakes

    name of 3 men (all are fighters)

    er beg > Erbeg

    a kind of commander


    Arcidava

    a station in Dacia

    oba: dwelling place

    arka? (back), -d- a consonant between 2 vocals


    Ardettos

    rocky hills of the southeastern suburb of Athens

    ard, art

    mountain ridge, mountain pass


    Argines

    Slave in the pottery of the Arretinian M. Perennius, Ihm[1] Bonn. Jahrb. CII 115.

    argın/argun

    as a name it existed. a male name, a tribal name, ~arkun

    it could mean the quiet one, the tired one, etc.

    Argyry

    a god of Asia Minor who was equated with Zeus Panamaros, so that an inscription from Stratonikeia states

    argur-: to make somebody tired, exhausted



    Aribaios

    Ἀρίβαιος, the king of the Cappadocians, was slain by the Hyrcanians, in the time of Cyrus the Great (that is, 6th century BCE), according to Xenophon's Cyropaedia.[1]

    arı-: to get clean > arığ: clean, pure

    bay: the chieftain

    Arıbay could be a chieftain name, a male name without any problem

    Aribazos (3x)

    a male name from North Iran and Anatolian

    arı-: to get clean > arığ: clean, pure

    baş: head, chieftain

    Arıbaş: a perfect chieftain name, a male name, (clear-headed)

    Arica

    Island in Mari Oceano quod Gallias et Britannias interluit, Itin. maritime 510.

    ?arık meaning island, from ara the space in between



    Arispara

    According to Ptol. VII 1, 48 a city of the Kaspeiraioi, according to the indicated location in the present transitional landscape of Sar-hind.

    ara

    a space in between


    Arka (5x)

    name of towns 

    arka

    back, back side of something; Tuvan arga: mountain forest (arka: back of a mountain), etc…


    Arlissos

    town in Caria

    su

    water


    Arosis

    Arotis, Arois, Aris, variants for Oroatis (see above), the border river of Persis and Susiana (now âb-i-Hindîân) in Nearchos, Arrian. Ind. 39, 9.

    ara: space between two places

    su: water

    Arasu: border river 

    Arrabaios

    name of 4 males

    arı-: to get clean > arığ: clean, pure

    bay: the chieftain, richt

    ara: space in between 

    Arruns (5x)

    Etruscan name

    arın < arı-: to get clean, pure



    Artimpasa

    Scythian deity

    baş 

    head, chieftain

    erdem?=virtue; er: soldier

    Artoarta

    city ​​in present-day Afghanistan

    orta

    the middle, place where the palace of the king stands

    art: back of sth

    Artuba

    Place in Caria, in the area of ​​κοινὸν Ταρμιανῶν, Bull. Hell. X 486.

    art: back of 

    oba: dwelling place


    Arybas (2x), Arybbas (2x)

    a male name  

    arı-: to get clean > arığ: clean, pure

    baş: head, chieftain


    Arzygius

    a male name

    ercik

    the small/young  soldier/man


    Asaioi

    A Sarmatian tribe

    azay-: to decline

    açay: father, old father


    Asmanoi

    A Sarmatian tribe

    azman

    Azman could have many meanings like the color of the horses (yellowish); could mean big, great; a castrated horse… shortly it could be easily explained with Türkish words


    Assos

    tributary of the Cephisos in Phocis

    az: not much

    su: water


    Astai

    A Thracian tribe

    az: not much

    tai: mountain

    aş-: to pass, aš: food

    Astragalos

    Knucklebone

    saçra-: to jump


    aşık is a kind of game in Central Asia where you can throw your bones on the ground…from aş-: to pass

    Atabulus

    a wind in Apulia

    ata: descendant

    bur-: to smell, when the odor goes high


    Atabyria, Ataburios, Atabyrion

    Old name of Rhodes < from a nickname of Zeus < Wiki: was a cultic epithet of the god Zeus from Greek mythology, under which he was probably worshipped in the form of a bull.[1]

    ata-bua-er

    father-bull-man


    Atacam 

    a Hun boy

    ata: descendant

    kam: shaman


    Atalante

    an island

    ata

    island

    Modern Türkish ada

    Atanius

    a Roman knight under Gaius, Dio LIX 8, 3.

    Atan

    castrated camel

    OR atan-: to gain fame; to be appointed; to be named

    Atas

    the name of a sonf of Priamos

    ata

    descendant


    Ateas

    a Scythian king

    ata

    descendant

    on some coins we see the name „atails“ and not ateas (ataias).

    Athamania

    a place in Greece

    ataman

    the great Ata (father)

    <Athamanians

    Athaulf

    King of Visigoths

    Atawulf

    father-wolf

    a hybrid name (like a steppe kingdom itself)

    Athletei

    competitors

    at-

    to throw, to shoot > atıl-: be thrown away

    we can imagine that the first competitions were with military character (notice: IE origin is very disputed). OR ATLI: a knight, a horse-rider, OR ATLI he who has a name OR atlat-: to send sbd to an attack

    Athrys

    a river  

    adır-

    to seperate to deprive


    Athymbros

    a male name 

    atım

    marksman, shooter


    Athyras (2x)

    a river in Thrace

    adır-

    to seperate to deprive


    Atis

    the King of Boii

    atı

    male relative, nephew

    boy: tribe

    Atizyes

    Satrap of Greater Phrygia under Darius III, fell fighting at Issus in 333 BC.

    atız

    A dam between two streams for water to pass through

    atış-: to curse, a quarrel

    atta

    affectionate address to older people (Uraltes Wort)

    ata

    father, descendant


    Attanassos

    a place in Phyrigia

    su

    water


    Attelabos

    grasshopper

    atla: to jump

    bö: insekt

    like in Scarabeo or Scorpion (agarbio) BÖ should be Türkish 

    Atys (2x)

    male name

    atı

    Brother, male relative, nephew, kid of your siblings


    Autlebis/Atlebis

    A Thracian chieftain

    atlı

    he who has a horse, he who has a name


    Autraka, Αὔτρακα

    Place of the Vaccaeans in Hispania Tarraconensis, only mentioned in Ptol. II 6, 49; the location has not been determined.

    otrak

    island

    Like in Samothrake or Thrace

    Auzakia

    a place in Scythia

    uzak

    far away


    Axon/Axona/Axos

    river names

    ak-su

    white water












    Germanic-chieftain-Catumerus-Actumerus-versus-Turkic-Aktemür

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