Goddess-Athena-Athana-Turkic-AtaAna

 

*

Athena according to Wikipedia:

"Athena^[b] or Athene,^[c] often given the epithet Pallas,^[d] is an ancient Greek goddess associated with wisdom, warfare, and handicraft^[2] who was later syncretized with the Roman goddess Minerva.^[3] Athena was regarded as the patron and protectress of various cities across Greece, particularly the city of Athens, from which she most likely received her name.^[4] The Parthenon on the Acropolis of Athens is dedicated to her. Her major symbols include owls, olive trees, snakes, and the Gorgoneion. In art, she is generally depicted wearing a helmet and holding a spear."

*

There are many version of the name:

Ἀθηνᾶ Athēná,

 Ἀθηναία Athēnaía,

Ἀθήνη Athḗnē,

Ἀθάνα Athána,

 Ἀθηναίη Athēnaíē

(source: German wikipedia)

*

Etymology and origin of the name are unknown. No Indo-European root, so most probably a Pre-Greek goddess. (That means no Greek goddess).

*

Wiki goes on: 

"A single Mycenaean Greek inscription 𐀀𐀲𐀙𐀡𐀴𐀛𐀊 a-ta-na po-ti-ni-ja appears at Knossos in the Linear B tablets from the Late Minoan II-era "Room of the Chariot Tablets";^[14][15][9] these comprise the earliest Linear B archive anywhere.^[14] Although Athana potnia is often translated as "Mistress Athena", it could also mean "the Potnia of Athana", or the Lady of Athens.^[9][16]However, any connection to the city of Athens in the Knossos inscription is uncertain."

*

If we accept the explanation with 𐀀𐀲𐀙𐀡𐀴𐀛𐀊 a-ta-na po-ti-ni-ja (from a Linear B inscription), it would be perfect Türkish match. 

Let us see:

Atana would easily math with the Türkic words AtaAna or AtaEne

Ata would mean "the ancestor" and Ana/Ene "the mother"

> Ancestor Mother

*

Even the second word in Linear B inscription would make sense in Türkic!

Potinija matches with the Turkic word bodun meaning "the tribes", from bod (the tribe) with the plural suffix +an.

Athana Potinija would match almost a 100 % with the Türkish words Bodun(un) Ata Ana(sı) meaning the "The Ancestral Mother of the tribes".

*

Uzunbacak Adem

*

The Proto-Türkic and Old-Türkish words below: 

(Source: Starostin/Dybo)

*

*

(Bonus word here: check English body out!)

*

Hesiods-Alazygos-Türkic-alacik

 

*

Mr. Pauly writes about Alazygos/Ἀλάζυγος in his Encyclopedia. There is not much information about him. Son of Hallirothios and brother of Seros. Relevant information for me is the age of this name. 

Hesiod mentioned him. That means 7th C. BCE in one of the oldest sources in the world history. The name Alazygos/Ἀλάζυγος is old/older than 2700 years old, it means. 

That is the important point.

*

Now why is this name important?

Because it can be easily explained with Türkish language.

There are Old Türkic/Türkic/Türkish words like alacu/alaçu/alaçuk/alaçık/alacık in the dictionaries.

Nisanyan:

*

Gülensoy:

*

Bayat:

*

What does that word mean?

Easy!

It means a kind of tent or a simply hut made of brushwood. 

It could be easily a name for a man who was born into such a tent. 

Alazyg-os could only be explained with that Türkic word.

Or do you have an other proposal?

*

Türks and Türk language existed 2700 years ago. This name is an indicator for that!

*

Uzunbacak Adem

Paulys-alana-ori-Turkic-alan

 

In Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft we read the word Αλανά Όρη/Alana Ori.

Ptolemy wrote already about it in the 2nd C AD. 

"Αλανά Όρη/Alana Ori is a mountain range in Scythia, north of the Caspian Sea, i.e. the Mugodžaren hills in the Kirghiz steppe, a natural continuation of the southern Urals."

There is no certain etymology for that mountains/mountain range north of the Caspian Sea, Urheimat of the Türks.

*

But it is a very interesting word indeed. Alan means in Modern Turkish an open field, an area, a square, etc., from Proto-Türkic alaŋ meaning level ground, plain. (According to Dybo/Starostin).

>Middle Türkic alaŋ (alang)

The other Altaic words are here to see:

*

It should be a plain in this mountain range where Scythian horses grazed (German Tal). Another indicator for the Turkishness of the Scythian. 

Conclusion I: Alana Ori could have been a Türkic word.

*

It is not over!

Modern Greek took that word again from (Ottoman) Türkish.

αλάνα<αλάνι means empty/vacant lot in Greek from Türkish آلاڭ , meaning plain, open space:

 

*

But it is still not enough:

Ancient Greek word ὄρος/ὄρη has no certain etymology, either.

For that I have a Türkic one, too:

Proto-Türkic *or means (higher) place, throne 

> Old Türkic orun: dwelling place

End-Conclusion: Alana Ori should have meant "a plain place between mountains to live" in Türkish of that time.

*

Uzunbacak Adem

Pre-Greek-agalma-Proto-Tuerkic-kaling

 

Englisch Dowry - Türkish Kalın - German Mitgift / Aussteuer

*

There is an Ancient Greek word agalma/ἄγαλμα meaning jewelry, votive gift, sacred work of art in Pauly's RE:

*

According to wiki a word of uncertain origin (Source Robert Beekes):

*

*

My turn:

There is a Proto-Türkic word *Kalım, meaning "ransom for bride". Ancient Türks (like many other Eurasian peoples) had/have this tradition. Türkish ransom for bride could be anything worthy like a horse, money, gold, other presents, etc...

I think Pre-Greek word agalma could have been derived from a Türkic language.

The other dialects have this Proto-Türkic *Kalım as kalın, kalım, galıng, kalıng, qalım, etc...

*

Uzunbacak Adem

Paulys-Achaiachala-Turkic-Ak-kala-fortress-city

 

Pauly wrote about a fortified place on the Euphrates called "Achaiachala". He shows us Ammianus Marcellinus as source.

Ammianus Marcellinus wrote about that in his Roman History (4th Century AD). 

He wrote:

After passing this place we came to another fortress, Achaiachala by name, also protected by the encircling river, and difficult of ascent. (Source: the Loeb Classical Library edition, 1940).

(Possibly to be identified with the modern island of Bidjan or the city of Haditha in Iraq.)

*

There is no info about the origin (of the name) of this fortress or I couldn't find it.

It is actually a very interesting name. A fortress on a river!

Now I can explain it:

Ak- means to flow > akığ means flow, current;

kala means simply a fortress, a city.

>Akığ-kala

*

Both words in Achaia-chala (read Akayakala) are a 100 % compatible with those 2 Türkish words above. 

*

It shows us that the Türks and Türkish language existed in the 4th C in Middle Eastern Region. They were mercenaries or even owner of their own state?

*

Uzunbacak Adem 

*

More about that issue?

read KALA

Natural-History-Pliny-an-Turki-origined-words

 

*

I have read the book Natural History of Pliny partly. Book I  till Book VI.

Here what I have found!

There are more that 160 words that possibly/probably/definitely of Türkish origin.

*

General opinion: Turks suddenly appeared on the stage of history as an empire in the 6th century. They had not existed before and most probably they came down from the sky in a basket. I am against that opinion. Turks were present in Europe and Asia, especially in the Mediterranean Basin before the birth of Jesus. They gave Turkish names to the places they lived in and did not lose their own Turkish names for a while. I searched for those names that were about to be erased and found them. Here you go, read! 

*

Pliny word	Info	Türkic word	Info	Another info
Corduba	a town	oba	dwelling place	?koru-: to pretect
Onoba	a town	oba	dwelling place	on: ten (10)
Salduba	a town	oba	dwelling place	sal-: to let go
				by corduba/salduba above, -d- could be a combining consonant or auxiliary consonant
Menoba	a river	oba	dwelling place
Turduli	a people with unknown origin, not much info	turdu: they who exists further	(i)li: the land	the land of the existing people (still existing after a big war?)
Uduba	a river	oba	dwelling place
Subi	a river	sub	water
Subur	a town	suwar/savir	name of a Türkic people	Gyula Németh and Paul Pelliotconsidered Turkic etymology for Säbir / Sabïr / Sabar / Säβir / Sävir / Savar / Sävär / Sawār / Säwēr from the root *sap- 'to go astray', i.e. the 'wanderers, nomads', placed in a group of semantically similar names: Qazar, Qazaq, Yazar, and Qačar.
Salaria	a colony	Salar	an ancient Türkic people	mercenaries?
illiberi	a town	il: land, home	beri: south, that that is near place
Oxubii	a tribe	okçu	archers	see Uxii in Persia
Italy
Caturiges	a tribe	ogur in it?	like in Kutrigur
Rutuba	a river	oba	dwelling place
Tauri	a people	tau	mountain
Caralitani	a people on Sardinia, their town was Carali	kara	holy, great; north
Agyrini	a people	ağır/agır	valuable, not light
Gelani	a people	yılan	snake
Ietenses	a people	yet-:	to reach	yeten: he who can reach
Tyracinenses	a people	turak	they who stood up	tur-: to stand
Sybaris	a river	su: water	bars: leopard
Camuni	a tribe	qamuɣ	(to gather all), altogether, all	a good name for a confederation of tribes (a la Steppe)
Sarunetes	a tribe	saru	yellow
Octodurenses	a tribe	okta-	to shoot arrows	dur-/tur-: to stand
Cottius	a pagan Chieftain, later called Marcus Julius Cottius	kotuz	yak bull	there are many Kotuz in Türkish history, I have already written about that name
Taulantii	a tribe	tau	mountain
Acarnanians	a people	Akar: the flowing		acheloos: a river in that region, akiglig means the flowing
Alyzia	an ancient city in Acarnania	yalız	<yal-: to burn ,to shine	Yalız: a name in modern Türkiye. has to do with fire, shine…
Aetolia Αἰτωλία	mountainous region of Greece on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth, forming the eastern part of the modern regional unit of Aetolia-Acarnania.	ay tolu: full moon	again a name in modern Türkiye	CHAP. 3. (2.)—ÆTOLIA.
Athamanes	a people of Aetolia	Ataman	hundert percent Turkish word/name/title
Pylene	a town	bula-	to spring (water) > Bulag: Wasserquelle
Tomarus	a mountain	tom: 1 round, convex 2 ball, smth. round 3 somersault 4 thick, bulging 5 to swell	tomar: 1 block, log 2 to hack, hew 3 to break off, chip off	a round mountain
Acanthon	a mountain	ak-: to flow	akan: that that flows
Ambracia	a mountain	amrak: A Göktürk khan	amra-: to get quiet, to love
Argyna	a town	argun	ermine, a kind of weasel	gün: a day, ar-: to get tired (>argın: tired)
Cephisus	a river	su: water
Ambrysus	a river	amra-	to get quiet,	su: water
Daulis	a district	tau	Mountain
Thebes	a town	tepe	hill
Bura	a town	bora	storm, windstorm
Araxus Άραξος	a toen with 2 lagoons	arık	clean, clear	su: water
Cyparissus	a gulf	su: water
Pylos	a town near Cyparissus	pula-	to spring (water) > Bulag: Wasserquelle
Taygetus	a mountain	tay	mountain
Inachian	an adjective for Argos	inak	a governmental title by the Türks
Ilissus	a river	ılı: warm	su: water
Gargaphia	a valley and spring sacred to Diana near Plataea in Boeotia	karga: crow	crow is one of the animals associated to Diana	CHAP. 12.—BŒOTIA.
Mount Œta, Öta, Οἴτη	mountain	öt-:	to pass by, pass thru
Echinus	a town	ekin: that what was planted,	<ek-: to plant	ekin: millet, wheat, etc…
Othrys	a mountain	otru/ortu	the middle	otruk: island
Pamisus	a river	su: water
Onochonus	a river	onuk: valuable, respectable, holy	on: the right one, 10
iolcos	a town in Magnesia	yol	the way	there are many „yol-“ words like yolik sacrifice, yolluk: that you take for the road to eat, yollug: an old khan of the Türks: the auspicious (ugurlu)
Hormenium	a town in Magnesia	orman	forest	or-: to cut
Pyrrha	a town in Magnesia	bur-:	to smell
Olizon	a town in Magnesia	yalız	to shine, to burn
Orthe	a town in Magnesia	orta	the middle,	orta: where the king sits/lives
Acharne	a town in Magnesia	Akar: the flowing		CHAP. 16. (9.)—MAGNESIA.
Axius	a river	aksu	white water
Panysus	a river in Thrace	su: water
Odessus	a town	su: water
Taphiae	an island	tap-:	to worship, to serve
Pinara	an island	PINAR	an Old Turkic word meaning water spring	not sure of origin of this word
Cnossus	a city on Crete	su: water
Coresus	a town	su: water
Halmydessos	A town in Thrace	su: water
Ortygia	a small island (Cyclades)	otruk: island	ortuk ~ otruk
Hamaxobii	a tribe in Dacia/Sarmatia (were a nomadic tribe who lived in chariots with leather tents mounted on them.)	amaç: Farmer's implements such as oxen, ploughs and the like, oxen agricultural implements (DLT)	oba: dwelling place	amaç-oba: a dwelling place that was pulled by oxen?
iazyges	a tribe	YAZIG/YAZIK	Steppe	CHAP. 25.—DACIA, SARMATIA.
Pathissus	a river	su: water	bat-? = to sink
Axiaces	a river	ak-: to flow	yaka: shoire
Ordesos	Today’s Okzakow (Ochakov)	su: water	orda: middle
Acesinus	a river	ak-: to flow	aksin!: let it flow	aksu: white water, -n: plural suffix
Carcinites	a golf	karkin	a very old Türkic tribe	i have already written a blog about that
Carcin	a city	karkin	a very old Türkic tribe
Byges/Bukes/Byce	a gulf at the end of the Sea of Azof.	bük	1 wood, forest 2 hill 3 meadow 4 valley between mountains
Gerrus	a river (today Molochna)	gerü/kerü	the back
Orgocyni	a Scythian tribe	örgü	braid (hair)	i have already written a blog about that
Characeni	a Scythian tribe	Kara: black	kın/kin	sheath
Arsilachitæ	a Scythian tribe	arsıl: brownish, yellowish (like in Arslan, its color)	kıtay: old Türkic personal name	an old Türkic/Mongolian tribe that ruled China
Caliordi (Caliordoi)	a Scythian tribe	kalı: the rest (die Übrigen)	orta/orda: the middle	the old palace?
Traktari	a Scythian tribe	?Otrak	island, the middle
Scythotauri	Mountain Scythes	tau	mountain	er: soldier, men
Satarchae	a Scythian tribe (They were unacquainted with the use of gold and silver, and carried on their traffic by means of barter)	sat-: to exchange, to sell
Taphrae	town in Scythia	topra/Tapra	topra- 'to turn into dust, dry out'	>toprak
Syrtes	which are rendered perilous by the shallows of their quicksands and the ebb and flow of the sea	sırt	tableland, mountain ridge
Sagalessos	a town in Pisidia	su: water
Pinara	a town in Lycia	pınar (attested Oguz word)	well, spring
Telmessus	a town in Lycia	su: water
Axon	A river in Caria	aksu	white water	CHAP. 29—CARIA.
Calynda	a town in Caria	kalın	numerous	or kal: to be left > to stay
Bubasus	a town in Caria	su: water
Acanthus	a town in Caria	akan	the flowing
Themisones	a people in Caria	deniz	sea	Denizin: that that belongs to deniz
Apamea	This place was built near Celænæ by Antiochus Soter, and named after his mother Apama.	apa-ama	older mother, respectable mother
Celænæ	a place in Caria	kalın	numerous
Harpasus	a river	arpa: millet	su: water	meaning compare to Arpaçay
Halesus	a river in Ionia	al: red	su: water
Ortygia	an old name of Ephesus (founded by Amazon’s)	orty/otru/orta	the middle	the place of the palace of the king
Attalia	a town in Aeolis	ata: father	-li: suffix for „with“ > a place where a respectable man lives < ATALI	CHAP. 32. (30.)—ÆOLIS.
Gergitha	a town in Aeolis	kerki-(t)	a small axe, an Altay tribe	-t: plural suffix
Pedasus	Adramytteos	su: water
Rhesus	a river in Troas	su: water	ari?: clean
Caresus	a river in Troas	su: water	kar?: snow
Tamasos	a town in Cyprus	su: water
Imbrasus	a river in Samos	su: water	yambir: rain
Serinis	a river in Bythinia	serin	cool	from Mongolian serigin
Amycus	a town called after a king called Amycus (of Bebrykians)	?amık	the quiet one
Cyzikus	a town at Propontis	kızık	angry one
Thynias	an island in Propontis	tün	dark, night
Bityhnia	a region	bi: knife	tün: dark	they who with dark knives?
Themiseyra	a town, a river	deniz	sea	CHAP. 4.—THE REGION OF THEMISCYRA, AND THE NATIONS THEREIN.
Comana	a toponym	Cuman/Kuman	an old Türk tribe
Cercetæ	a people	kerki-(t)	adze, mattock, axe
Thalli	a people who border on the eastern side upon the mouth15 of the Caspian sea	tal: branch, -li: possessive suffix	taluy: ocean
Icarusa	a river	yukari su	high water
Colica	a region in which the mountain chain of Caucasus bends away towards the Riphæan mountains, as we have previously2mentioned; one side running down towards the Euxine and the Lake Mæotis,	köl	sea/lake
Sauromatæ Gynæcocratumeni	husbands of Amazons	tümen	ten thousand
Zigae	a tribe	çigay	poor (mittellos)
the Orani	a tribe in Mieotis	orun ornağ	the throne, the place of the throne
Autacae	a tribe in Mieotis	otağ	tent, living place (tent-makers?)
the Camacae	a tribe in Mieotis	kamak/kamug	all together (united); Kam: Shaman
the Cantiocae	a tribe in Mieotis	Kandik/kantik/Kentük, etc	a vessel < kian;: a hole (an Altaic word)
the Auchetae	a tribe in Mieotis	ok-at-:	to throw arrows > (good) archers?
Absarus	a river in Caucasia	ab-: to spring water	saru/sarı: yellow
the Menobardi	a tribe in bw. Assia and Armenia	bengü-verdi	god-given (~Theodore)	there is Celaleddin of Kharezm
Cabalaca	a city in Caucasia	kabalak	an alternative form of Kalpak (a Türkish headgear) kalabak, kabalak. Acc. to Nisanyan it derives from the word kaba meaning felt (German Filz). There is still a Türk people called Karakalpak, meaning black-hats. Was Cabalaca a city where Kalpak wearing or making people lived?	CHAP. 11. (10.)—ALBANIA, IBERIA, AND THE ADJOINING NATIONS.
Alazan	a river in Caucasia	ala-su	colored water
Cumania	a fortress in Caucasia	Cuman/Kuman	A Türk people
Pharnacea	an island of Euxine	parnak/parmak	finger? bar-: to reach, to go and burn the bridges
Lytarmis	the first place that is known is Lytarmis,6a promontory of Celtica	ulu-tarım	the big (holy) delta (of a river). In DLT tarım means a delta, where the stream disperses. tarım also means -to cultivate the soil, cultivated soil. (agriculture) > See Tarim Basin	CHAP. 14. (13.)—NATIONS IN THE VICINITY OF THE SCYTHIAN OCEAN.
Carambucis	a river , maybe Dvina	karam: watered	bük: thicket	i have already written a blog about that
Taurus	a mountain	tau	mountain
Zariaspa	a city of Baktria	sari: yellow	sipa: foal
district of Zothale	For, seeing that it was watered by the Margus,8 which passes through it, and is afterwards divided into a number of streams for the irrigation of the district of Zothale	çat	a place where two roads or streams meet, a junction	>Modern Türkish çatal: fork
Orkiani	a people in Baktria	Orhan ~ Orkhan	ordu: army, Han: chieftain
Comani	a people in Baktria	Cuman/Kuman	an ancient Türkic people
Oxus	the name of a lake and a river  (Aral and Ceyhun)	ögüz: river	Türkic Oguz tribe called Ceyhun ögüz	OR aksu: white water
Oxydracae	a people in Baktria	oküz: ox	turğak: a place to stop, to be on guard duty	at Oxus?
Graucasis	The Scythian call Mount Caucasus Graucasis which means "white with snow.“	kar: snow	ak: white	100% compatible
Essesdones/Issidones	a Scythian nation	isi-: to make hot, warm	don/ton: cloth, garment	CHAP. 19. (17.)—THE NATIONS OF SCYTHIA AND THE COUNTRIES ON THE EASTERN OCEAN.
Ariacae	a Scythian nation	arı: bee; arı-: to clean	yaka: border (also shore, German Ufer)
Amardi	a Scythian nation	amır-: to be quiet
The Came	a Scythian nation	kam	shaman
Euchatae	a Scythian nation	yok: 1 up, above 2 hill, elevation	ata: father	holy fathers? descendants who sit higher?
Cotieri	a Scythian nation	katı	difficult, hard	er: man, soldier
Psacae	a Scythian nation	bus-:	to ambush, to catch unawares
Antacati	a Scythian nation	antık-: to swear on oath	> ant: oath
Chroasai	a Scythian nation	say	a small river	kuru?: dry
Oetei	a Scythian nation	öt-: to pass by, pass through	Modern Türkish öte: beyond, further
Carpasus	a river in Scythia	su: water
Tazata	an island in Caspian	taz/daz: bald	ata: island	taz-ata: only rocks, nothing else? OR taš: stone
Tabis	a mountain range in Asia	tepe/töpü	hill, top
Seres	probably Chinese	serig	shiny
Psitharas	a river in Scythia	pus: fog	ara: the place between (a border?)
Cynaba	a gulf in Siberia	kün: people (like in El gün)	oba: dwelling place
Themisteas	a promontory	tengiz	sea	CHAP. 28.—THE PERSIAN AND THE ARABIAN GULFS

*

Uzunbacak Adem